hematuria

A 38-year-old male presents to the emergency department complaining of sudden onset, severe left flank pain that radiates to his groin. He reports associated nausea and vomiting. He denies any fever, dysuria, or hematuria. His vital signs are: Temperature 37.0°C, Heart Rate 88 bpm, Blood Pressure 130/80 mmHg, Respiratory Rate 16 breaths/min, and SpO2 98% on room air. A urine dipstick is positive for blood. An ultrasound is performed, and the image is shown. Given the clinical presentation and the ultrasound findings, what is the MOST appropriate next step in management?

A 45-year-old male presents to the ED with left flank pain that started suddenly 6 hours ago. He describes the pain as a sharp, cramping sensation radiating to his groin. He also reports nausea and one episode of vomiting. His vital signs are stable: BP 120/80 mmHg, HR 78 bpm, RR 16 breaths/min, Temp 37.1°C. Urine dipstick shows 2+ blood. A renal ultrasound is performed, and the image is shown. Assuming the patient's pain is not controlled with oral analgesics, what is the MOST appropriate next step?

A 38-year-old woman presents with acute onset left flank pain, radiating to the groin. She reports dysuria and hematuria. Vitals: HR 88, BP 130/80, Temp 37.1°C. A bedside ultrasound is performed, as shown. What is the MOST appropriate next step?

A 38-year-old male presents to the emergency department complaining of sudden onset, severe left flank pain that radiates to his groin. He reports associated nausea and vomiting. He denies any fever, dysuria, or hematuria. His vital signs are stable: blood pressure 120/80 mmHg, heart rate 88 bpm, respiratory rate 16 breaths/min, and temperature 37.0°C. A urinalysis reveals microscopic hematuria. A point-of-care ultrasound is performed, and the image is shown. Given the clinical presentation and ultrasound findings, what is the MOST appropriate next step in management?

A 45-year-old male presents with left flank pain radiating to the groin. Urinalysis shows microscopic hematuria. What is the MOST likely diagnosis based on the image?

A 32-year-old male presents to his general practitioner complaining of severe anal pain, especially during and after bowel movements. He also reports seeing bright red blood on the toilet paper. On examination, there is a visible tear in the anal mucosa at the 6 o'clock position. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate initial management strategy?

A 32-year-old woman presents to her general practitioner complaining of severe anal pain during and after bowel movements, along with bright red blood on the toilet paper. She reports constipation and straining during defecation. Examination reveals a visible longitudinal tear in the anal mucosa at the 6 o'clock position. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate initial management strategy, according to Australian guidelines?

A 35-year-old man presents to the emergency department with severe right-sided flank pain that started suddenly and radiates to the groin. He describes the pain as sharp and colicky. He has had similar episodes in the past but never this severe. He denies fever, dysuria, or hematuria. On examination, he is in obvious distress, with a blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg, heart rate of 110 bpm, and respiratory rate of 22 breaths per minute. Abdominal examination reveals tenderness in the right flank but no guarding or rebound tenderness. Urinalysis shows microscopic hematuria. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial imaging study to confirm the diagnosis?

A 55-year-old man presents to the emergency department with sudden onset, severe left flank pain radiating to his groin, associated with nausea. He is afebrile, blood pressure 130/80 mmHg, heart rate 85 bpm. Urinalysis shows 20-30 red blood cells per high-power field. Serum creatinine is within normal limits. An ultrasound is performed. Considering the clinical context and the findings demonstrated in the provided image, which of the following is the most appropriate immediate management step?

A 45-year-old male presents to the emergency department with sudden onset severe left flank pain radiating to the groin. He reports some nausea but no vomiting. His temperature is 37.5°C, pulse 88 bpm, BP 130/80 mmHg, respiratory rate 16/min, oxygen saturation 98% on room air. On examination, he has significant left costovertebral angle tenderness. Urinalysis shows microscopic haematuria and trace leukocytes. His creatinine is 90 µmol/L (baseline unknown). An ultrasound of the kidneys is performed, shown in the image. Considering the patient's presentation and the findings demonstrated in the provided image, the most likely primary mechanism responsible for the severe pain experienced by this patient is: