A 68-year-old man with moderate COPD (FEV1 55%) on a LAMA reports persistent breathlessness (mMRC 2) and one moderate exacerbation requiring oral steroids last year. What is the most appropriate next step in maintenance therapy?
A. Add an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS).
B. Increase the dose of the current LAMA.
C. Switch LAMA to a long-acting beta-agonist (LABA).
D. Add a short-acting beta-agonist (SABA) as regular therapy.
E. Add a long-acting beta-agonist (LABA).
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Initial bronchodilator for stable COPD, mMRC 2, 0 exacerbations/year?
A. SABA + SAMA PRN
B. LAMA or LABA
C. ICS + LABA
D. SABA PRN
E. LAMA + LABA
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