COPD

Practice targeted AMC-style multiple-choice questions on COPD.

An 82-year-old woman with dementia and COPD presents with increased confusion and mild cough. Temperature 37.8°C, HR 95, RR 24, BP 110/70, SpO2 90% on air. Chest sounds are diminished bilaterally. What is the most appropriate initial investigation?

A. Serum procalcitonin

B. Bronchoscopy

C. High-resolution CT chest

D. Chest X-ray

E. Sputum Gram stain and culture

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A 68-year-old man with moderate COPD (FEV1 55%) on a LAMA reports persistent breathlessness (mMRC 2) and one moderate exacerbation requiring oral steroids last year. What is the most appropriate next step in maintenance therapy?

A. Add an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS).

B. Increase the dose of the current LAMA.

C. Switch LAMA to a long-acting beta-agonist (LABA).

D. Add a short-acting beta-agonist (SABA) as regular therapy.

E. Add a long-acting beta-agonist (LABA).

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An 80-year-old with COPD presents with fever, cough, and increased sputum. CXR shows consolidation. BP 85/50, HR 110, RR 28, SpO2 88% on air. Confused. What is the most appropriate initial management step?

A. Initiate high-flow oxygen therapy

B. Administer intravenous fluids and broad-spectrum antibiotics

C. Prescribe oral amoxicillin

D. Obtain blood cultures and sputum for microscopy/culture

E. Assess for immediate intubation and ventilation

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COPD

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